Olen suomalainen Amerikassa, enkä totu tippien antamiseen

21.09.2021


YLE/Mika Hentunen:

Olen suomalainen Amerikassa, enkä totu tippien antamiseen

Arkea maailmalta: Jos juomarahan suuruutta erehtyy kyselemään, kalliiksi tulee, Yhdysvaltain-kirjeenvaihtaja Mika Hentunen kertoo. 

Kuva: Antti Haanpää / Yle, kuvankäsittely Harri Vähäkangas / Yle

WASHINGTON Matkustaminen Yellow Cab -taksissa, joka on muuten väriltään punainen, tuntuu syvissä vatsalihaksissa. Vaikuttaa siltä, että Toyota Camryn akseli kannattelee vain heiluvia osia.

Kuski on palkkansa ansainnut, vaikka asiakkaan henki vaarantuisi. Tämä on pelin henki Washingtonin kuljetusalalla.

Entä juomaraha? Kuljettaja kääntää vaativan katseensa takapenkkiä kohti.

Taksiyhtiö on helpottanut valintatilannetta. Se on asettanut maksupäätteeseensä valmiit vaihtoehdot: 15, 20 tai 25 prosenttia. Valitsen tapani mukaan keskimmäisen summan.

Taksissa ei onneksi tarvitse tipata kuin kerran.

Vaimoni kampaamokäynnit sen sijaan rasittavat perheemme taloutta. Niillä omaa siivuaan juomarahasta penäävät niin tukan pesijä, värjääjä kuin kuivaaja. Ketjun neljäs lenkki, itse kampaaja, edellyttää vielä saavansa asemansa takia muita enemmän.

Maksutapahtuma on kiusallinen. Setelit pitää joko käydä sujauttamassa työntekijöiden taskuihin tai jättää kirjekuoriin vastaanotossa. Muu kuin käteinen ei kauneusbisneksessä käy.

Vaimo tietysti maksaa hampaitaan kiristellen, mutta suuren maailman sääntöihin alistuen. Kuten suomalainen kaverini siivoojalle, joka poimii bonuspalveluna väärät vaatteet pesulasta.

Työmatkalle lähtiessäni sullon taskuihini dollarin seteleitä.

Hotelleissa on auton pysäköijää, laukunkantajaa, kerrossiivoojaa ja munakkaan paistajaa. Joka kerta joudun pähkäilemään, onko dollari aivan liian vähän vai riittäisikö se tästä palveluksesta.

Menin New Yorkissa baariin kahville vain siksi, että saisin rikottua 50 taalan setelin. Pikkurahaa tarvitsin hotellin tulevia juomarahakierroksia varten.

– Tarvitseeko tuoda vaihtorahaa? kahvikupin tuonut tarjoilija kysyi viisikymppistäni hypistellessään.

Ahdistavaa tipeissä on se, ettei niiden suuruutta ole selvästi määritelty.

Palvelija on asiakkaan ja asiakas palvelijan armoilla. Käytännöt vaihtelevat eri osavaltioissa ja kunkin paikan tasosta riippuen. Niitä kannattaa googlata netistä ennen matkallelähtöä.

Paikan päällä tipin suuruutta ei kannata lähteä kyselemään. "Paljonko täällä annetaan juomarahaa?" -kysymykseen saattaa saada tähtitieteellisiä vastauksia.

Länsi-Virginiassa bensa-aseman pitäjä ilmoitti, että hän tankkaa sadan dollarin juomarahalla. Muussa tapauksessa joutuisin hoitamaan toimenpiteen itse.

Leveää murretta vääntänyt tankintäyttäjä oli huumorimiehiä. Hänen vitsikkyyteensä vaikutti se, että vuokra-autossani oli New Yorkin rekisterikilvet. Joka tapauksessa tankkasin tuolla kertaa itse ja jätin tipin maksamatta.

Juomarahat ovat elinehto miljoonille minimipalkalla työskenteleville amerikkalaisille.

Käytäntö on jäänne Yhdysvaltain sisällissodan jälkimainingeista, kun orjuus lakkautettiin vuonna 1865.

Entiset orjat saivat töitä rautateiltä, pelloilta ja ravintoloista nollapalkalla. He olivat kokonaan riippuvaisia(siirryt toiseen palveluun) asiakkaiden hyväntekeväisyydestä.

Nykyisin minimipalkka on Yhdysvalloissa 7,25 dollaria eli reilut kuusi euroa tunnilta. Joissakin osavaltioissa, kuten Kaliforniassa ja Massachusettsissa, summa on tuplattu 15 dollariin eli 12,70 euroon tunnilta.

Presidentti Joe Biden on asettanut 15 dollaria tavoitteeksi koko maassa.

Edes se ei riitä elämiseen, ainakaan Washingtonissa. Siksi maksan mukisematta 20 prosenttia jopa töyssyisestä taksikyydistä.

Tänään nautin kuumassa syyskuun illassa lasin sangriaa. Kympin lasillisen kokonaishinnaksi tuli veron ja tipin kanssa 15 dollaria.

TIME:

(time.com)

'It's the Legacy of Slavery': Here's the Troubling History Behind Tipping Practices in the U.S.

UPDATED: AUGUST 20, 2019 5:46 PM ET | ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED: OCTOBER 15, 2018 1:30 PM EDT

These days, the expectation at U.S. restaurants that diners will tip their servers is a key part of the culinary economy: tips subsidize a server or bartender’s salary at the vast majority of the nearly 650,000 restaurants in the country.

But tipping wasn’t always part of the U.S. dining landscape — and scholars who have studied its origins point out that its oft-debated role in the modern economy isn’t the only thing potentially troubling about tips.

In the earliest days of the practice, its spread was linked to the racial oppression of the post-Civil War Reconstruction period.

The idea of giving someone money for their work isn’t one that really needs an origin story, but modern American tipping — the practice of the customer giving a gratuity on top of the money that the employee gets from his or her employer — does have a beginning. (As for the word itself, many are familiar with the tale that “To Insure Promptness” was a phrase written on dishes for coins at shops, thus creating the acronym of “tip,” but that’s just a myth.) Some accounts credit European travelers with bringing the custom to the U.S.; others credit American travelers with bringing tipping back from Europe. The truth? Wealthy Americans in the 1850s and 1860s discovered the tradition, which had originated in medieval times as a master-serf custom wherein a servant would receive extra money for having performed superbly well, on vacations in Europe. Wanting to seem aristocratic, these individuals began tipping in the United States upon their return.

At first, most diners were largely against it, deeming it both inherently condescending and classist. How could poor Americans be expected to pay for their food, and add a “tip” on top? In fact, there was so much anti-tipping traction that, in the 1860s, the attitude spread to Europe. That’s one reason why there is no tipping expected at most European restaurants today, according to Saru Jayaraman, co-founder and president of Restaurant Opportunities Centers United (ROC United) and the director of the Food Labor Research Center at University of California, Berkeley, who advocates for the equalization of wages for tipped and non-tipped workers.

“But in the States, that movement was squashed, and we went to the exact opposite direction,” Jayaraman tells TIME, “because of slavery.”

After the Constitution was amended in the wake of the Civil War, slavery was ended as an institution but those who were freed from bondage were still limited in their choices. Many who did not end up sharecroppingworked in menial positions, such as servants, waiters, barbers and railroad porters. These were pretty much the only occupations available to them. For restaurant workers and railroad porters, there was a catch: many employers would not actually pay these workers, under the condition that guests would offer a small tip instead.

“These industries demanded the right to basically continue slavery with a $0 wage and tip,” Jayaraman says.

Despite tipping’s growing prominence, many remained unhappy about the custom in the years following Reconstruction. Six states temporarily abolished the practice in 1915. In 1918, Georgia’s legislature deemed tips as “commercial bribes,” or tips for the purpose of influencing service, illegal. Iowa’s initial 1915 decision said that those who accepted a gratuity of any kind — not those who gave the money themselves — could be fined or imprisoned.

Even with that pushback, the practice grew in popularity in many Southern states. By 1926, all of these laws had been repealed or deemed unconstitutional by the respective state’s Supreme Court, according to Kerry Segrave’s Tipping: An American Social History of Gratitudes

Restaurateurs soon realized that they stood to benefit from the opportunity to subsidize a worker’s pay with guests’ extra money, says Douglass Miller, a lecturer at the Hotel School of the SC Johnson College of Business at Cornell University. So, even as the racial dynamics of the United States evolved, the practice spread throughout the country — including in the North — and stuck.

04.05.2022USAToday: How to plan a multigenerational Disney World vacation so everyone has a good time
27.04.2022Hard Rock Hotel New York is Now Open!
21.04.2022NYT: Where Do Travelers Need to Wear Masks Now?
25.03.2022WALK IN OSCAR'S FOOTSTEPS - TOP 10 OUTDOOR FILM LOCATIONS
17.03.2022U.S. Senate approves bill to make daylight saving time permanent
17.03.2022Virgin Voyages celebrated grand opening of New Terminal V
11.03.2022U.S. to extend airplane, transit mask mandate through April 18
10.03.2022JENNIFER LOPEZ TO INVEST IN VIRGIN VOYAGES
05.03.2022Lonely Planet: Famous US hotels with a rich history to visit in 2022
05.03.2022Koska kirsikat kukkivat Washington DC:ssä?
05.03.2022Tripsavy.com : Destination of the day: Hawaii
04.03.2022Discover America Finland SMALin jäseneksi
04.03.2022San Franciscon salaisuuksia
10.02.2022Lonely Planet: 15 epic things to do in Park City, Utah
10.02.2022cntraveler: Spirit and Frontier Airlines Are Merging
18.01.2022Travel Agent Academy: BECOME A PUERTO RICO TRAVEL EXPERT
18.01.2022Architectural Digest: The 40 Best New York City Landmarks to Visit
18.01.2022NYC&Co: New York City is BACK in business!
10.01.2022Oletko tutustunut GoUSA TV app?iin?
10.01.2022Cruising during COVID-19: Cancellation, refund policies vary by cruise line
13.12.2021Food & Wine: Maui Travel Guide
13.12.2021Frommers: Warning - Time May Be Running Out on Your Covid Flight Credits
13.12.2021TravelWeekly: Delta: No more miles earned on Basic Economy fares
10.12.2021How is LasVegas doing without conventions and foreign visitors?
07.12.2021Finnair aloittaa lennot Helsingistä Seattleen
07.12.2021Kirjeenvaihtaja Mika Hentunen: 10 vuotta Yhdysvaltain pääkaupungissa
08.11.2021Yhdysvallat sallii rokotettujen EU-kansalaisten maahantulon
03.11.2021Welcome Back to USA Webinar Friday 05 Novemver
27.10.2021WHAT IS THE NEW POLICY IN A NUTSHELL FOR TRAVELERS TO US AFTER NOVEMBER 8TH?
13.10.2021Getting the Most Out of a Visit to NYC's New SUMMIT One Vanderbilt Observation Deck
01.10.2021Walt Disney World opened 50 years ago
26.09.2021This Giant Map Shows All the Metropolitan Areas in the U.S.
21.09.2021Olen suomalainen Amerikassa, enkä totu tippien antamiseen
21.09.2021UM: Matkustussuosituksia päivitetään maakohtaisesti
21.09.2021Yhdysvallat poistaa rokotettujen EU-kansalaisten maahantulokiellon marraskuussa
16.09.2021Rediscover Times Square as Broadway Reopens
12.09.2021The Ways Travel has Changed Since 9/11
30.08.2021Hawaii Tourism Plans to Manage Visitation to Oahu
30.08.2021Boca Raton Resort will drop Waldorf Astoria name, launch reno
30.08.2021IHG Hotels & Resorts launches new Luxury & Lifestyle collection brand
30.08.2021See What Fort Lauderdale Has to Offer
30.08.2021Formula 1 announces Miami will join the calendar for the 2022 season
21.07.2021This Grand Canyon Escape Lets You Glamp Under the Stars Inside a Luxe Glass Pyramid
07.07.2021Amtrak Investing $7.3 Billion in New Fleet of Modern Trains
28.06.2021First Look: Resorts World Las Vegas offers a massive but welcoming experience
23.06.2021LA Tourism unveils rebrand as city opens for tourism
18.06.2021New York City Has a Brand-New Floating Park on Its Hudson River
18.06.202123 Best Restaurants in Miami
18.06.2021New York CityPASS -kaupunkipassi
18.06.2021Coronavirus and Summer Travel: Everything You Need to Know
09.05.2021Members: Brand USA International Travel & Consumer Sentiment Webinar Wednesday, May 12
01.05.2021DAFinland jäsenille: osallistu Discover Native America webinariin 4.5.
19.04.2021Pharrell Williams And David Grutman On Dreaming Up The Goodtime Hotel
15.04.2021California To Fully Reopen June 15 With ?Common-Sense? Safety Measures
15.04.2021How to get around in New Orleans?
15.04.2021Would You Climb This Heart-Stopping Sky Ladder 400 Feet Above the Utah Desert?
15.04.2021PAUL THEROUX TO KICK OFF SILVERSEA?S WORLD CRUISE
12.04.2021Does Macy?s Need To Be The World?s Largest Store?
23.03.2021Trump Hotels dumped
21.03.2021When to Book a National Park Camping Trip This Summer
21.03.2021Cruise unlikely to return to pre-pandemic levels until 2023, Carnival Corp boss predicts | Travel Weekly
21.03.2021Alaska Airlines plans to join oneworld® alliance?
11.03.2021The Latest on Every US Airline Change, Cancellation Policy
09.03.2021The New Official National Parks Trip-Planning App Gets a Rave from Us
09.03.202114 Most Beautiful Train Stations in the U.S.
09.03.2021Growing Desperate for Visitors, Las Vegas Ramps Up Reopenings
09.03.2021Hotels in Miami and South Florida are open -- and busy
26.02.2021Lincoln Center Will Head Outside Its Closed Theaters to Perform
22.02.202111 Fun Facts about US Virgin Islands
15.02.2021Nat Geo Special Examines New Air Force One
15.02.2021Carnival Officially Starts Work on New PortMiami Cruise Terminal
15.02.2021Las Vegas casinos, restaurants and other businesses getting eased COVID-19 capacity limits
08.02.2021Everyone Wins With Marriott's Partnership With The National Parks Foundation
30.01.2021Yhdysvalloissa tulee voimaan maskipakko kaikessa julkisessa liikenteessä
21.01.2021USAhan matkustavalta vaaditaan 26.1.21 alkaen negatiivinen koronatestitulos
17.01.2021Travelers boarding international flights to the US will need proof of negative coronavirus test
15.01.2021NG: Florida Travel Guide
15.01.2021Cruise Lines Waiting on Additional Guidance From CDC to Begin Test Sailings
15.01.2021Airports Must Prepare For ?A Different Type Of Traveler? After COVID
07.01.2021Fortune: Tried and true tricks for getting over jet lag
07.01.2021VisitDenver News
07.01.2021RobbReport: JANUARY 6, 2021 The 18 Most Anticipated New Restaurants of 2021
04.01.2021REUTERS: Breakingviews - "Big Four" U.S. airlines are going to go down to three
31.12.2020New York unveils 14-day quarantine for international travellers
22.12.2020Alaska Travel Guide
11.12.2020Which Caribbean island is best for you?
02.12.2020National Geographic: The Compass: Hawaii
02.12.2020Brightline train to add a Disney World stop
02.12.2020How a New Hyatt Program Is Helping the Hotel Giant Give Back to Small Businesses
02.12.2020This Glass-Domed Train Will Take You From the Rockies to the Red Rocks in Luxury
30.11.2020A seven-mile underwater sculpture park and artificial reef will open in Miami
30.11.2020Travel between Colorado and Utah in a glass-domed train in 2021
22.11.2020The Evolving Travel Experience: Virtual, Actual and In Between
19.11.2020IPW 2021: Las Vegas, Nevada, September 18-22
19.11.2020How NYC Is Celebrating the Holidays This Year
19.11.2020Why Do Airline Dress Codes Still Exist?
10.11.2020Invitation: Port of Seattle Virtual Event, January 1
10.11.2020Tourism Trends: The Latest Opportunities for The Tourism Industry
10.11.2020Suomen Kuvalehti: USA:n vaalijärjestelmä...
10.11.2020TMR?s Wellness Travel Outlook for 2020-2021

Näytä lisää »